タイミングの遅延反応に関する分析
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概要
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The present study investigated the timing delay found in the performance of coincident timing task. Former studies referring to constant error (CE) in coincident timing responses have indicated several results in common. Especially prominent ones among them are as follows: (1) when the tasks required of the subjects are a gross motor activity, delays are dominant in their coincident timing responses, and (2) the tendency toward delay increases in proportion to the increase in the magnitude of motor response and/or the speed of moving stimulus. Three experiments were conducted in this study so as to reexamine those findings in former studies and then to clarify the reason why delays were dominant in gross motor responses. The task assigned to the Subjects in the first experiment was to synchronize the landing of a sideward jump on the right foot with the arrival of moving target at the timing point. The effect of the speed of the traget on timing error was examined. The results indicated that, regardless of the difference in the speed of the moving target, almost all the subjects showed obvious delays in their coincident timing responses. It was also suggested that, though the difference in the speed of the target produced no significant effect on CE, the subjects tended to change and adjust their response movement to correspond to the specific speed of the target. Thus, the findings in former studies were partly supported by this experiment. In the second experiment, the source of the delays in timing responses was analyzed. The timing error was presumed to be attributable to two components: one was the stimulus anticipation error (SAE), the error which was produced in the anticipation of the time when the moving target would arrive at the timing point, and the other was the movement anticipation error (MAE), the error which was produced in the estimation of the duration in which each subject would complete his movement. On the basis of this premise, an attempt was made in this experiment to separate the timing error into two components. The result indicated that underestimation was clearly found in MAE whereas there was no specific tendency in SAE. It was inferred from this finding that the delays in timing responses might be caused by the underestimation of the duration needed for the response movement of the subjects. The result of the second experiment brought forth the hypothesis that, when SAE was held constant in coincident timing responses, the timing delay would be dependent on the length of the time meeded for the completion of the response movement. Thus, the purpose of the third experiment was to check the validity of this hypothesis. The result supported the hypothesis. The delays in timing responses increased as the duration of the response movement increased. This also seemed to endorse the adequancy of the inference which was proposed in the second experiment.
- 社団法人日本体育学会の論文
- 1984-12-01
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