スプリンターの疾走能力と外側広筋の筋線維組成および筋毛細血管分布との関係

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of muscle fiber composition and capillary supply of m. vastus lateralis to sprint performance within the same quality group of sprinters. The subjects were 21 well-trained male sprinters (21-25 yr). For sprint performance the following 6 indexes were taken. (1) 70FV: The mean velocity sprinting for the former half (0-30m) of 70 m (2)70LV: The mean velocity sprinting for the latter half (30-70 m) of 70 m (3) 70V: The mean velocity sprinting for 70 m (4) 1 min.V: The mean velocity sprinting for 1 min. (5)70LV/70V (6) 1 min.V/70LV. For muscle fiber composition the following 5 indexes were taken. (1)%FT (2) %areaFT (3) FTarea: cross-sectional area per FT fiber (4) STarea: cross-sectional area per ST fiber (5) FTarea/STarea. And for muscle capillary supply the following 6 indexes were taken. (1) CD: capillary density (2) CFratio: capillaries per fiber (3) CC(FT): number of capillaries in contact with FT fiber (4) CC(ST): number of capillaries in contact with ST fiber (5)CC(FT)/area: CC(FT) in 1000 μm^2 of FT fibers (6) CC(ST): CC(ST) in 1000 μm^2 of ST fibers. The results were summarized as follows; 1) The subjects had a large proportion of FT fibers in m. vastus lateralis (%FT=72.8%,%areaFT=73.8%). But neither %FT nor %areaFT was related with any indexes of sprint performances significantly. 2) 1 min.V/70LV, index of speed endurance ability except the influence of maximum speed,was related with CFratio and CC(FT) significantly (r=0.453, 0.479 in order, r<0.05). 3) In distriminant analysis, two groups (higher velocity group and lower velocity group)devided by 1 min:V were classified with high probability of 85.0% correctly: Discriminant function coefficients (D.F.C.) were higher in order of CC(FT), %areaFT,FTarea/STarea, and CC(FT)/area. And it was shown that CC(FT) contributed to the discrimination significantly (D.F.C=1.191, P<0.01). From these results, the high %FT and %areaFT in the m. vastus lateralis are necessary in order to succeed in the same quality group of sprinters. However, this is not a necessarily important factor which decides sprint performance. And it is suggested that there is a significant relationship between the speed endurance ability and the number of capillaries in the leg muscles .
社団法人日本体育学会の論文
1990-12-01

スプリンターの疾走能力と外側広筋の筋線維組成および筋毛細血管分布との関係

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