言語行動の発達III : 要求発語の言語形式ならびに機能の初期発達過程

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概要

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• The early instances of the speech of requests in the conventional (adult) words were studied on the basis of the longitudinal data (transcript from the utterances recorded by tape-recorder) of two one-year-old Japanese children and the cross-sectional data (manual trascription) of 58 one-year-old Japanese children. The main results are as follows : (1) Words denoting requests were not yet differentiated from the interjectional words in the first half period of one-year-old. but in the second half period, conventional word denoting specific requests rapidly increased. (2) Verb-forms denoting requests and the other verb forms, which have common root forms with them, appeared concurrently. This suggests that the child has acquired some concept of grammatical nature (inflection) in this period, though it is not decisive as a proof. (3) Many of "errors" in the use of request words were inventive or creative, and in these examples of "errors" we find some suggestions for the developmental studies of thought processes. (4) In the word-chain utterances in the early stage, we found rather meager syntactical integrations of words in an utterance. But toward the end of the period of investigation of the one-year-old, these syntactical integrations increased rapidly. Their typical formes were word-chain utterances of requests which were constituted of "Object+Verb" (Japanese word-order of sentences, which is one of the most striking differences from that of Europeans). (5) Historical order and chronological period of the phenomena described above are rather similar between the longitudinal-and cross-sectional data, and these tendencies are also seen in the report of an American liguist Leopold who observed and analysed rather psychologically the speech of his one-year-old son. (6) These results suggest to us that, although Japanese language and speech are very different from those of Europeans in their phonetic, vocabulary, and grammatical features, there are not marked difference between them in the early developmental trend of some syntactical and pragmatical (functional) aspects of the speech of requests of one-year-old children.

• 日本教育心理学会の論文
• 1961-12-30

著者

• 村田 孝次

  大阪市立大学

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• 言語行動の発達III : 要求発語の言語形式ならびに機能の初期発達過程
• 1才児の談話習得過程 : 日本教育心理学会第2回総会報告 : 研究発表要旨および討論の概要 : 発達II
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