教育心理学的観点からみた東北地方の児童と青年

概要

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Educational psychology in every country has to adapt to its society itself as well as to reality. Therefore, it is needless to say that the leducational psychology in Japan must adapt to the Japanese society itself. But the Japanese society is not an isolated one, but it is a dynamic part of the entire world situations. In other words our educational psychology is constantly under the influence of what are going on in the entire world, just as American and Russian educational psychology are. Matsumoto emphasized the existence of conflict between capitalism and socialism expressing itself in almost all world affairs and most typically in what is called the cold war. Our educational psychology is characteristically a genuine contemporary science, because the conflict is a very important factor which underlies the educational processes and it is also an important factor in the educational psychology also. These understandings are applicable not only to the world-wide affairs but also to the society itself in every country. For example, contemporary Japan stands on two social forces, conservative and progressive, capitalistic and socialistic. If we try to understand the real nature of the society itself, we must face such social forces, regardless of our like or dislike. Standing on the above mentioned view, the report intended to approach the fundamental features of the child and the youth in Tohoku Districts, both theoretically and practically. The Tohoku Districts is one of the most backward and the poorest zone in Japan, socially and historically. According to Matsumoto's opinion many investigations about this zone are divided into two classes which bring forth different conclusions. The one, by using many authorized and standardized tests, almost always underestimated the mental faculties of the child and the youth in Tohoku Districts. On the other hand, there are a few elaborate surveys and experiments which proved deeply in the real reasons for such features of mental faculties. The reports of individual findings of the project were reported. Then, Matsumoto proposed a suggestive point of view. He took a bird's-eye view of the contemporary educational psychology in the world. Namely he distinguished between the two main currents in educational psychology of today. The one is the traditional educational psychology which inherits the tradition of E. Meumann, E. L. Thorndike etc. The other is a new trend in educational psychology which is developing in the socialistic nations like Soviet Russia, People's Republic of China etc. Here again, the existence of the conflict between two thoughts is the reality of contemporary educational psychology. If we close our eyes to one side, we will slide into an one-sided prejudice and loose the treack of realism. Therefore we must always be vigilant equally to two currents. Matsumoto determined that the educational psychology which stands upon the two currents will be called the realistic one because it is capable to adapt to the present world situations. The educational psychology in the traditional sense, though it is time-honored, does not quite adapt to the contemporary world situations where two social forces are at work in every country. It is good that each individual investigator has his own pet theory, but the educational psychology geared to the educational practice should be open-minded.
日本教育心理学会の論文
1963-03-30

著者

松本金寿
東北大学

教育心理学的観点からみた東北地方の児童と青年

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