植物光週性の實験的研究(2) : 高温中斷による暗期反應機構の解析

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1. The seedling of the japanese morning glory, Pharbitis Nil, is known as one of the most sensitive short-day. plants was used as a material. At first, optimum nyctotemperature and maximum one for flower formation were determined, and then the phenomenon of the high-temperature interruption in the dark period reaction was observed, moreover analysis of the mechanism of the dark period reaction were carried cut by the high-temperature interruption. The inhibition rate was calculated by the gencral formula which is as follows : [numerical formula] where H is the inhibition rate, V the velosity of the dark period reaction (number of flower bud or number of plants with flower bud) in control, and V_I the velosity of the dark period reaction when it received high-temperature interruption. 2. It seems that optimum nyctotemperature and maximum one for flower initiation are respectively about 26℃ and 31℃ in three cycles of photoinductive treatment, but in five or seven cycles of photoinductive treatment flower initiation occures even at 32℃. 3. When high-temperature interruption. (that is, 36℃) is given for 1,2,4,6,8,and 16 hours at the midpoint of the 16-hour dark period, the interruption effects are observed even in the lot of 1 hour and then the inhibition rate increases as the duration of high-temperature interruption is increased, and it becomes to 100% even in the lot of 8-hour duration. 4. With the variation of duration of high-temperature interruption (that is, 34℃ or 36℃) such as 8,6,4,and 2 hours the question was if there was any relationship between the time of the interruption and flower formation (number of flower bud) under three cycles of 8-hour light and 16-hour dark. The high-temperature interruption was arranged to occur at various periods of time ranging from O to 16 hours after the treatment of the dark period began. In all the lots, the time effects were observed ; in general, flower formation was greatly inhibited at the second half of the dark period, especially in the lot of 2-hour duration the time effects clearly seen, that is, maximum inhibition rate cocured between 12th and 14th hour of the dark period. 5. All the plants have the terminal flower bud in three cycles of photoinductive treatment at optimal nyctotemperature. Not all of plants are induced to form terminal floral bud in 8- or 6-hour duration of the high-temperature interruption, in 4-hour or 2-hour duration the plants in some lots have the terminal flower bud ; i.e. formation of the terminal flower bud is easily influenced by the time of the high-temperature interruption, in other words, flower formation is greatly inhibited at the second half of 16-hour dark period than at the first half. 6. The first node of flower bud rises with increasing duration and degree of nyctotemperature ; that is, in 8- or 6-hour duration of the high-temperature interruption the first node of flower bud is influenced by the time of the high-temperature interruption ; in other words, the first node of flower bud rises as the last period of 16-hour dark period approaches to its close. 7. Number of plants with flower bud varies greatly, in 8- or 6-hour duration of the high temperature, by the time of high-temperature interruption of 16-hour dark period ; while, in 4- or 2-hour duration of the high temperature not all the plants are influenced by the time of the high-temperature interruption ; i.e., all the plants have the flower bud. 8. The longer duration and the higher interruption temperature the more influenced is vegetative growth (dry weight) of plant, while not all the plants are influenced by the time of the high-temperature interruption.
日本生態学会の論文
1954-03-25

植物光週性の實験的研究(2) : 高温中斷による暗期反應機構の解析

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