「壮丁教育調査」にみる義務制就学の普及-近代日本におけるリテラシーと公教育制度の成立-
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概要
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In this paper we aim to confirm quantitatively the relationship between the level of mass literacy and development of public schooling, as a preliminary step for considering the process of rapid spread of public education in Modern Japan. The basic data were adopted from the Educational Survey on Soldiers in the conscription system in Statistical Annual Report by Ministry of War (Rikugunsho tokei nenpo). Specifically we focused on the soldiers' literacy and completion rates of elementary school to contrast the enrollment rates in Annual Report by Ministry of Education (Monbusho nenpo), which include the wastage ratio. Our conclusions obtained are as follows : (1) It was the 1930's, not the 1910's suggested in Annual Report of Ministry of Education, that the compulsory schooling benefitted to any children of all the social classes and groups. It was the third phase in the developmental process, which followed the first phase of its symbolic stage (1872 to the 1880's) and the second phase of rapidly diffusing stage (the 1890's to 1910's). (2) In the early Meiji era (the first phase), the level of mass literacy was not so high as generally trusted and great regional differences of such levels could be found. Such big differences of illiteracy ranged from 20% to 80% in middle Meiji. Accordingly we may conclude that the rapid spread of public schooling after the first phase contributed to the completion of the nationwide diffusion of mass literacy. (3) The diffusion of public education mainly started from urban area, then proceeded to rural area and finally completed in the big cities in the second and third phase, respectively. We could find our five patterns in different difffusional processes in various regions. Thus, we should like to claim that the rapid spread of public education in Japan showed one of the drastic examples of institutionalization amplified by her cultural and social structure.
- 日本教育社会学会の論文
- 1992-10-10
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関連論文
- 補論 近代日本におけるリテラシーと公教育制度の成立 : 「壮丁教育調査」にみる義務制就学の普及(第一部 講義録の世界,近代化過程における遠隔教育の初期的形態に関する研究)
- 附 公教育制度の成立と戦前期の学歴構成(第一部 講義録の世界,近代化過程における遠隔教育の初期的形態に関する研究)
- 「壮丁教育調査」にみる義務制就学の普及-近代日本におけるリテラシーと公教育制度の成立-
- 近代日本の農村部における義務制就学の普及 : 公教育制度の成立と社会構造(III-3部会 教育の歴史社会学)
- 2 「壮丁教育調査」にみる義務制就学の普及 : 近代日本におけるリテラシーと公教育の成立(III-7部会 教育と近代)