鑄鐵鑄物に於ける氣泡及び引け巣發生の理論及び其の實證〔中編〕

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概要

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• As reported in the former report, almost all of cavities in castings are ascribed to the trick of the gas dissolved in the melt. Neither blow holes nor shrinkage cavities in anyway occur without the existence of the dissolved gas. Blow holes occur by boiling of the molten pig. Damages due to the residuum of blow holes is especially remarkable in case where the boiling continues nearly to the end of solidification process. In this case, the segregation of hydrogen in the solidification stage is prominent, so that hydrogen is more liable to become the cause of boiling action in the solidification of the molten pig than oxygen and nitrogen. In other words, pouring of the molten pig containing the higher percentage of hydrogen necessitates to entail residuum of blow holes. But it does not mean that oxygen and nitrogen does not participate in occurrence of blow holes. The boiling condition of the molten pig is : P'_<CO>+P'_<N_2>+P'_<H_2>>1+h/132 atm Therefore, the higher the content of oxygen and nitrogen, the more shrinkage holes naturally occur. The important point of the present theory lies in that the very low percentage of hydrogen checks the occurrence of blow holes even if oxygen and nitrogen are contained in a large amount. On the other hand, it has been thought to be incontestable that shrinkage cavities are caused by solidification and contraction of the melt. However, this idea is erroneous, because shrinkage cavities occur only by the action of gases dissolved in the melt. In other words, in whatever difficult form of castings, there would be no fear of shrinkage cavities in pouring of the melt, if there is very few content of gaseous substances in the melt. Therefore, the primary condition of elimination of shrinkage cavities is to make complete the gas removal from the melt as far as possible. Consequently, the removal not only of hydrogen, but of oxygen and nitrogen should be attained at the same time, while laying stress on forms of casting, feeders and risers is nothing but a half-measured means.

• 1942-09-25

著者

• 眞殿 統

  理化學研究所

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