鳴神と一角仙人

概要

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It is generally said that the "Narukami"(Thunder-God), one of the most popular Kabuki-plays, has been adapted from the "Ikkaku Sennin" (One-Horned Hermit) of the No-play, and the latter in turn was based on the old tradition of Rsyasrnga imported from India. If the various versions of the theme of the "Narukami" found in the Jataka, the Ramayana, the Chinese translation of the Buddhist sutras, etc. are compared with each other, we see that they consist of several elements which can be reduced to two leitmotifs : ancient rain-making sacrifice (fertility rite or a drama offered for that purpose) and a marriage custom of ancient days. Luders' excellent study shows that the most ancient form of these tales was found in the Himalayas. Therefore it would not have belonged to the Aryans, but to the pre-Aryan aborigines in the mountainous regions in the north, whence it must have diffused to other regions, finally to be adopted by the Aryans in their literature. On the basis of these analyses, the author concludes that the "Narukami" has not been adapted from the "Ikkaku Sennin, " which is so permeated with Buddhist ethics, but from some other origin. The "Narukami" resembles rather the tale of "Kume no Sennin" and its prototype Rsyasrnga must be sought in some old Japanese records other than those along the lines of descent from Buddhist sutras to Konjaku Monogatari and to "Ikkaku Sennin".