Surface Heat Budget of the Sea of Okhotsk during 1987-2001 and the Role of Sea Ice on it
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概要
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The surface heat flux over the Sea of Okhotsk has been calculated from 1987 to 2001 by bulk parameterizations using ECMWF, ISCCP, and GISST data, corrected by COADS data. Sea ice concentration and ice type are incorporated by using an SSM/I open water and thin-ice algorithm to better represent the sea ice conditions. The mean seasonal variation of the net heat flux, averaged over the entire Okhotsk Sea, ranges from a summer maximum of 158 W m^<-2> in June (a positive value indicates that the sea or sea ice gains heat form the air), to a winter minimum of -219 W m^<-2> in December. The seasonal geographic distribution of the net heat flux is determined mostly by turbulent (sensible and latent) heat flux. Because of the heat insulating effect of sea ice, the turbulent heat flux and accordingly the net heat flux has the largest variation in winter, particularly in the north region, reflecting the yearly difference of sea ice extent. The geographic distribution of the annual net heat flux shows a distinct contrast, significant cooling of the ocean in the north and net heating of the ocean in the south. This contrast is a result of heat transport by both sea ice and the southward East Sakhalin Current; sea ice formed byobtaining negative latent heat in the north is transported to the south, then it releases the negative latent heat by melting. The annual net heat budget is estimated to be -22 W m^<-2> averaged over the entire sea. The Okhotsk Sea loses heat to the atmosphere on an annual basis, although at least the order of 20 W m^<-2> error exists in the estimation. A trial was performed to estimate sea ice production using the heat budget calculation. The results suggest that most of the production occurs in open water and thin ice areas. The highest production area is located over the northwest shelf, within 100 km of the coast.
- 社団法人日本気象学会の論文
- 2003-08-25
著者
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OHSHIMA Kay
Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University
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Ohshima K
Hokkaido Univ. Sapporo Jpn
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Ohshima Kay
Hokkaido Univ. Sapporo Jpn
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NIHASHI Sohey
Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University
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WATANABE Tomohiro
Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University
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NIHASHI Sohey
Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University
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Ohshima Kay
Institute Of Llow Temperature Science Hokkaido University
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Nihashi Sohey
Institute Of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University
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Watanabe Tomohiro
Graduate School Of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University
関連論文
- Thickness and production of sea ice in the Okhotsk Sea coastal polynyas from AMSR-E
- Seasonal variations in ocean structure and current in Ongul Strait, Antarctica, in 1991
- PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF HYDROGRAPHY UNDER FAST ICE IN LUTZOW-HOLM BAY, ANTARCTICA IN 1990
- A NOTE ON WATER EXCHANGE UNDER FAST ICE IN LUTZOW-HOLM BAY, ANTARCTICA
- ICE PRODUCTION AND CONVECTIVE-MIXING IN THE ANTARCTIC COASTAL POLYNYA
- Data of Sea-ice Cores Obtained in Lutzow-Holm Bay from 1990 to 1992 (JARE-31,-32) in the Period of Japanese Antarctic Climate Research
- SEA ICE IN LUTZOW-HOLM BAY (II) : ITS STRUCTURE AND GROWTH PROCESSES
- GROWTH PROCESSES OF SEA ICE IN ONGUL STRAIT
- VARIABILITIES OF CURRENTS UNDER FAST ICE IN LUTZOW-HOLM BAY, ANTARCTICA-COMPARISON BETWEEN OBSERVATIONS AND MODEL
- SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF THE ANTARCTIC COASTAL OCEAN IN AND OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY
- SEA-ICE FORMATION AND WATER STRUCTURES IN COASTAL POLYNYAS OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY AND BREID BAY
- Growth processes of sea ice in Lutzow-Holm Bay (abstract)
- Stepped structure in temperature and salinity profiles,observed near icebergs trapped by fast ice, Antarctica (abstract)
- MEASUREMENT OF WATER TEMPERATURE PROFILE IN COASTAL POLYNYAS USING AXBT
- DISTRIBUTION OF SEA ICE OFF QUEEN MAUD LAND FROM NOAA SATELLITE AVHRR IMAGERY
- Properties of Sea Ice and and Overlying Snow in the Southern Sea of Okhotsk
- Direct observations of sea-ice thickness and brine rejection off Sakhalin in the Sea of Okhotsk
- Subinertial and Seasonal Variations in the Soya Warm Current Revealed by HF Ocean Radars, Coastal Tide Gauges, and Bottom-Mounted ADCP
- Volume Transport of the Soya Warm Current Revealed by Bottom-Mounted ADCP and Ocean-Radar Measurement
- Water Mass Exchange and Diapycnal Mixing at Bussol' Strait Revealed by Water Mass Properties
- Observation of the Soya Warm Current Using HF Ocean Radar
- A Generation Mechanism for Mesoscale Eddies in the Kuril Basin of the Okhotsk Sea : Baroclinic Instability Caused by Enhanced Tidal Mixing
- Winter Oceanographic Conditions in the Southwestern Part of the Okhotsk Sea and Their Relation to Sea Ice
- Interannual Variability of Sea Ice Area in the Sea of Okhotsk : Importance of Surface Heat Flux in Fall
- Surface Heat Budget of the Sea of Okhotsk during 1987-2001 and the Role of Sea Ice on it
- Thickness distribution, texture and stratigraphy, and a simple probabilistic model for dynamical thickening of sea ice in the southern Sea of Okhotsk
- RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE UPPER OCEAN AND SEA ICE DURING THE ANTARCTIC MELTING SEASON
- MESOSCALE ICE-OCEAN FEATURES IN THE MARGINAL ICE ZONE OFF SYOWA STATION OBSERVED IN NOAA AVHRR IMAGERY
- Preface
- Coastal Polynyas off East Queen Maud Land Observed from NOAA AVHRR Data
- Data of sea-ice cores obtained in Luzow-Holm Bay from 1990 to 1992 (JARE-31, -32) in the period of Japanese Antarctic Climate Research(Glaciology 24)
- Oceanographic data in Luzow-Holm Bay of the Antarctic Climate Research Program from January 1991 to February 1992 (JARE-32)(Oceanography 15)
- Two-layer model of wind-driven circulation in the Antarctic Ocean
- In-situ ice and meteorological observations in the southern Sea of Okhotsk in 2001 winter: ice structure, snow on ice, surface temperature, and optical environments
- MOS-1/1b MESSR Observations of the Antarctic Sea Ice: Ice Bands and Ice Streamers
- SOME FEATURES OF THE ANTARCTIC SEA ICE OBSERVED FROM MESSR IMAGES
- Seasonal Variations of Water Masses and Sea Level in the Southwestern Part of the Okhotsk Sea
- Particle Tracking Experiments on a Model of the Okhotsk Sea : Toward Oil Spill Simulation
- Barotropic Response of the Sea of Okhotsk to Wind Forcing
- Wind Filds over Funka Bay and Their Effect on Water Circulation in the Bay
- Sea-ice drift characteristics revealed by measurement of acoustic Doppler current profiler and ice-profiling sonar off Hokkaido in the Sea of Okhotsk
- Volume Transport in the Soya Strait during 2006-2008
- Sea-ice retreat in the Sea of Okhotsk and the ice-ocean albedo feedback effect on it