大気・土壌中の変異原物質の定量的評価に関する研究 : 第28回大会受賞講演

概要

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More than 200 surface soil samples were collected from parks and roadsides in residential areas in the Keihin, Chukyo-Tokai and Keihanshin districts in Japan and were examined by the Ames/Salmonella assay. Most of the organic extracts of the soil samples showed mutagenicity toward strains TA98 and TA100. High levels of mutagenicity were found in soil samples from sites close to industrial areas in each district. By bioassay directed fractionation using normal-phase and reversed-phase column chromatography, 1,3-dinitropyrene (DNP) , 1,6-DNP and 1,8-DNP were identified as major mutagenes in the organic extracts of soil from Osaka. An efficient clean-up procedure and a sensitive quantification method of 1,3-, 1,6- and 1,8-DNP isomers in soil were developed and applied to 30 soil samples from the three districts. DNP isomers were detected in all soil samples examined. The highest contribution ratios of DNP isomers to the mutagenicity of soil extracts were observed for the samples collected in Osaka, and the total of the contribution ratios of three DNP isomers was about 50%. These results suggest that surface soil is largely contaminated with mutagenic compounds and that DNP isomers are one class of major mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds contaminating surface soil.
2000-07-31