発癌性/変異原性NPAHsの高感度検出法と大気内動態 : シンポジウム : I. 環境汚染変異原
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概要
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A sensitive determination method of carcinogenic/mutagenic nitroarenes using a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) equipped with a chemiluminescence detector (nitroarene analyzer) has been developed. After chemical reduction of nitroarenes to their corresponding aminoarenes by sodium hydrosulfide, this analyzer determined nitroarenes. The sensitivity was higher than that of HPLC with a fluorescence detector and GC/MS by a factor of about one hundred. By using this method, concentrations of nitroarenes in airborne and diesel exhaust particulates could be determined. Concentrations of 1,3-, 1,6- and 1,8-dinitropyrenes and 1-nitropyrene in urban air showed two peaks, in the morning and evening, in parallel with traffic volume. The comparison of the four nitroarenes in diesel- and gasoline-engine and airborne particulates suggested that the main contributor was diesel-engine vehicles. When airborne particulates were collected with an Andersen air sampler, more than 2/3 of the total amount of the four nitroarenes was observed in the finest particulate fraction (smaller than 1.1 μm) . When benzene-ethanol extract from diesel exhaust particulates was separated into five fractions by silica-gel column chromatography, direct-acting mutagenicity was mainly observed in two fractions eluted with dichloromethane and ethanol, respectively, and nitroarenes were mainly in the former fraction. In this fraction, calculated mutagenic contributions of the nitroarenes, 1,3-, 1,6-and 1,8-dinitropyrenes and 1-nitropyrene, were over 50 %. (This paper, in a session chaired by Teruhisa Hirayama and Keiji Wakabayashi, was presented to the symposium "Mutagenicity of environmental pollutants", organized by Teruhisa Hirayama, at the 27^<th> annual meeting of the Environmental Mutagen Society of Japan, and held at the Mielparque Osaka in Osaka, Japan, November, 24-26, 1998.)
- 1999-07-12
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