熔鉄中の元素の活動度係数 : 特に 2 種以上の元素が共存する場合について
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The lattice model of liquids was applied to molten iron containing some kinds of foreign elements. The theoretical expressions for chemical potentials and activity coefficients were derived, making use of an approximational method analogous to that of Bragg-Williams for the case of binary alloys. The results are as follows; 1) If three absolute elements (1, 2 and 3) are all interstitials, the activity coefficient f that denotes the extent of deviation from Herry's law which is valid for dilute solutions is given by RT1nf_1=c_1φ_<11>+c_2φ_<12>+c_3φ_<13>-RTln (1-c_1-c_2-c_3) for the first solute element, where ci is the concentration of the i'th element, φ_<ij> the interaction potential between the i'th and j'th solute elements. The validity of this expression is examined by using the numberical data for Fe-O-C system. 2) If three elements (B, C and D) are all substitutional in the solvent (A), the activity coefficient γ that denotes the extent of deviation from Raoult's law for the ideal solution is given by RTlnγ_D=n_An_BΩ_<AB>+n_An_CΩ_<AC>+n_Bn_CΩ_<BC>-{n_A(1-n_D)Ω_<AD>+n_B(1-n_D)Ω_<BD>+n_C(1-n_D)Ω_<CD>} for any one (say D) of the four elements, where n_i is the molar fraction of the i's element, Ω_<AB>, for example, the enthalpy change in the reaction A+B=AB. The validity of this expression is examined by the data for Fe-Si-Cu system. 3) If elements A_1 and A_2 are substitutional and elements B_1 and B_2 interstitial, the chemical potential of B_2 is given by μ_<B2>=n_1φ′_<12>+n_2φ′_<22>+c_1φ″_<12>+c_2φ″_<22>+RTln{c_2/(1-c_1-c_2)} and that of substitutional A_2 by μ_<A2>=F_<A2>-n_1^2Ω_<A1A2>-n_1c_1(φ′_<11>-φ′_<21>)-n_1c_2(φ′_<12>-φ′_<22>)-{c_1^2φ″_<11>/2+c_1c_2φ″_<12>+c_2^2φ″_<22>/2}+RTln{n_2(1-c_1-c_2)} where in the two-letter suffix to φ′the first letter denotes the kind of substitutional element and the second the kind of interstitial element. Further, F_A2 denotes molar free energy of pure A_2, and φ′the interaction potential between A and B, and φ″that between substitutional elements. The validity of this expression is examined by using the data for Fe-Si-C system.
- 社団法人日本鉄鋼協会の論文
- 1958-05-01
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