Nuclear Structure as Revealed by Electric Excitation

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Electric excitation of low-lying levels in medium weight and heavy nuclei have been made from which the energy ⊿E of a given level and the cross section σ_<ex> for its excitation can be deduced. Electric quadrupole moments, Q_0(⊿E)and Q_0(σ_<ex>)respectively, based on these two sets of data show markedly different values and markedly different trends as the closed proton shells at 50 and 82 are approached. If it assumed that the Q_0(⊿E)is indicative of the deformation of mass and Q_0(σ_<ex>)is indicative of the deformation of charge, the results suggest that a)the protons and neutrons are not uniformly distributed throughout the nucleus, b)the spherical symmetry of the protons is greater than that of the neutrons near the proton shells, c)the protons are concentrated closer to the center of the nucleus than the neutrons, and / or d)the flow within the nucleus is not purely irrotational.
理論物理学刊行会の論文