Macroscopic Collective Excitations Associated with Phase Changes

概要

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A model is proposed of a dynamics associated with general phase changes. We regard a system exhibiting various collective phenomena near the phase change point, where a macroscopic variable X approaches a transition point X_c, as a s_rongly interacting manycluster system. The cluster means that of unstable phase locally appearing as fluctuations in the overwhelmingly large area of stable phase. The variable X is temperature in many cases. The present hypothesis enables us to find a form of the propagator of the clusterexcitation, whose linewidth is shown to be a homogeneous function of the wave number and the characteristic length diverging as |X-X_c|^<-2/3> for X→X_c except for X_c = absolute zero on the temperature axis. A hydrodynamics in the interacting many-cluster system yields an energy density wave which leads to the thermal conductivity diverging as |X-X_c|^<-1/3> for X→X_c, When the transition point is absolute zero on the temperature axis T, the temperature dependence of the characteristic length, the specific heat and the thermal conductivity is of the form T^<-1/3>, T and T^<-1/3>, respectively, for T→0.
理論物理学刊行会の論文
1973-09-25