A PROPOSAL FOR OBSERVATION OF ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION AND TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN THE TROPOSPHERE AND LOWER STRATOSPHERE OVER ANTARCTICA WITH A NETWORK OF WIND PROFILERS

概要

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The wind profiler is a powerful tool to study atmospheric circulation and transport processes because it can measure not only horizontal components but also the vertical component of wind. A wind profiler developed originally by the U.S. NOAA/Environmental Research Laboratories/Wave Propagation Laboratory can measure winds from 0.5-17km above the surface with an altitude resolution of 250m and time resolution under 1 hour. The profiler uses a 400MHz UHF band, and the area of the antenna is about 170m^2. Observations with a network of the wind profilers at several sites over Antarctica will give useful information on meridional circulation in the Antarctic troposphere and lower stratosphere, on vertical motion around the tropopause whose altitude over Antarctica is around 10km, and on disturbances such as convection, gravity waves, baroclinic waves, and so on. Observations are also useful for understanding how, when, and how much ozone, water vapor, and other materials are transported from the stratosphere to the troposphere, and then to the Antarctic surface or the middle latitude troposphere. Problems to be overcome for realizing the project are also briefly discussed.
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