1920年代における企業内スポーツの特性 : 八幡製鉄所野球部

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In the 1920s, a government-owned Yahata-Seitetusyo experienced frequent labor disputes. Since the company continued to follow pre-modern customs in its work environment. The battle between management and labor was fierce with confrontations and confusion. In the June 1919, to prevent further disputes, the government established a Factory Personnel Section which was in charge of managing wages, supervising skilled laborers, and other affairs. During the decade from 1925 to 35, the company was under the control of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. In 1921, the ministry appointed one of its staff, Seigo Tajiri, as chief of the personnel section. Later, he was promoted, becoming director of the newly established labor department, concurrently holding the post of director of the Jugyoinkaikan (an assembly hall for the workers), putting much of his effort into promoting company benefits. The benefit he emphasized most was company sports teams (especially baseball), which contributed to enhancing the unity among the workers. Uniting all the workers was the ideology of management the employers believed in, and in such ideology, we can observe an early stage of the Japanese management style which became prominent in later years. It seems that the workers (especially skilled workers) had a sense of Ie (family): in other words, a sense of loyalty towards their company. Therefore, it must have been rather easy for the employers to promote the ideology. Offering many benefits to workers can be a means of controlling organized labor, but in order for this to work, there must be agreement between employers and workers. This study proposes a new analytic viewpoint towards sport (baseball) activities in companies, that is, a sense of Ie (family) in Japanese business management, as well as admitting a conventional analtic viewpoint that the sport (baseball) activities done in the name of employee benefits were actually used as a means of labor management and restraint of labor unions.
1997-07-01

1920年代における企業内スポーツの特性 : 八幡製鉄所野球部

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