Characteristics of the water cycle in the discontinuous permafrost region in interior Alaska
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概要
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In order to better understand the water cycle in the discontinuous permafrost area, field observations of soil moisture content, groundwater table, discharge and evaporation have been carried out in the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed since 1997. This investigation aims to characterize the soil moisture and ground water dynamics of interior Alaska. Soil moisture content depends on topographic factors, increasing toward the bottom of a slope. In the flood plain, soil moisture is higher in depressions than on mounds. The depth of the active layer is less than 1m at the end of summer and unfrozen soil exists below the permafrost, as determined through geophysical exploration and drilling. The groundwater table reaches a maximum height in early October and decreases monotonically to reach a minimum in early April, then starts to increase after snowmelt. The ground water of a shallow well and soil moisture near the ground surface show variations, as influenced by precipitation and evaporation; however, a deeper well on the upper slope does not respond similarly. Evaporation occurs over the whole watershed during summer; however, directly over a stream condensation dominates because of low water temperature due to the permafrost underneath.
- 国立極地研究所の論文
著者
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Hinzman L
Univ. Alaska Fairbanks Ak Usa
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Hinzman Larry
Water And Environmental Research Center Institute Of Northernengineering University Of Alaska Fairba
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Kawauchi Kunio
Muroran Institute Of Technology
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ISHIKAWA Nobuyoshi
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba
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Sato Norifumi
Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University
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Yoshikawa Kenji
Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks
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Sato N
Institute Of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University
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Sato Norifumi
Institute Of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University
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Kawauchi K
Muroran Institute Of Technology
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Yoshikawa Kenji
Water And Environmental Research Center University Of Alaska Fairbanks
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