岩宿発掘一九四九ー一九五〇 : 基礎整理編 : 明治大学考古学博物館収蔵資料(旧石器時代)の再検討・再評価(二)

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In 1946, the palaeolithic site of Iwajuku, which are located Kasagaketown, Gumma prefecture, was discovered by AIZAWA Tadahiro. Through1949 to 1950, SUGIHARA Sosuke and the archaeological institute of Meijiuniversity conducted the excavation at Iwajuku site locality A, B, and Cwith AIZAWA. From three times of the excavation through the year, it wasclearly showed that there has been lithic culture without earthenware inJapan which belongs to the date before Jomon period (Neolithic age inJapan). That is, the research and study of the Iwajuku site is the beginningpoint of palaeolithic archaeology in Japan. And the year of 1999 was the 50thanniversary of the excavations at Iwajuku site and palaeolithic archaeologyin Japan. In this paper, I would like to report the result of reanalysis bearing on theIwajuku palaeolithic industry recovered from locality A. Almost all of theseartifacts were identified and divided into three cultural layer: the oldestindustry is the Iwajuku lithic culture I, that belongs to the layer under theAira-Tanzawa volcanic ashes (AT). Iwajuku lithic culture II, It is possibleto think that contemporary with an As-BP group. And the latest cultural layer is Iwajuku lithic culture III. The results of reanalysis can be summarized as follows: Iwajuku lithic culture I: wasted cores-1, flakes-10, flake points with retouched base-3, scrapers-1, wedge shaped tool-1, axe shaped tool-2 (one of which has polished edge). The total number of artifacts are eighteen pieces. It appears that black shell were very favored for stone tool materials in this cultural layer. Iwajuku lithic culture II: wasted cores-20, fragments of cores-2, flakes-85, flakes which were produced through shaping backed blade-2, flakes which were likely to do with flat ilaking-1, fragments-13, chips-31, backed blades-14, pointed tools (Kakusui-jo-sekki)-2, scrapers-2, retouched flakes-3, utilized flakes-3, fragments of pebble (locality B)-1. The total number of artifacts are 179 pieces. Chert artifacts are evidently dominant in this cultural layer. Chert artifacts are followed by the small number of those made from andisite and black shell. Iwajuku lithic culture III: this cultural layer are consisted of one end-scraper made from obsidian. In addition to these artifacts, I can identified eleven pieces of micro blades from the Iwajuku industry, all of which were made from obsidian. While I evaluated extant artifacts from the Iwajuku site that recovered during 1949-1950 as above, I try to do some analyses to that industries based on identifying the pieces of same core assemblage and on the technological investigation of rifittings so as to reconstruct the activities of the palaeolithic people of Iwajuku. In conclusion, first, it is clear that the Iwajuku I has nothing remains of waste bearing on stone tool manufacturing process. I think that the people of Iwajuku I brought directly a few pieces of stone implements as already shaping-out or blanks into the site and might used them for some short time activities. Second, it is likely to be appear that there were careful planning made by the people of Iwajuku II bearing on formation process of industry. From some evidences, I think It might had been decided by them according to the close relationships between the how to gain and consume raw materials for stone implements, and the some aspects of technology used for debitage that they had.
明治大学の論文
2000-03-31

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島田和高
明治大学考古学博物館

岩宿発掘一九四九ー一九五〇 : 基礎整理編 : 明治大学考古学博物館収蔵資料(旧石器時代)の再検討・再評価(二)

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