1930年代のアメリカのコミュニティ・ジュニア・カレッジにおける職業技術教育論

概要

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The practice and theory of the vocational-technical education in the Community Junior Colleges, namely the two year colleges in the United States, is studied. The vocational-technical education is introduced into the Community Junior Colleges in the 1930s, because of social, economical and educational factors, such as the 'economical depression' and the 'Youth Problem.' In addition, two major educational theories or philosophies, "pragmatism" and "essentialism", supported practices of the vocational-technical education in the Community Junior Colleges at that time. Pragmatism, supported by many Community Junior College leaders, and essentialism, advocated mainly by R. M. Hutchins, were confronted with each other on the practice and theory of the vocational-technical education. The influence of these two theories on the vocational-technical education is analysed from the following three points of the view: (1) the relation between the vocational- technical education and the general education, (2) optimism or pessimism to science and technique, and (3) the aptitude of each student and the vocational-technical education. After these analyses, some questions are presented to each theory and the necessity of the third paradigm on the vocational-technical education is pointed out.
東京大学の論文
1984-03-30