千葉県の花の栽培と気候

概要

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In order to study the impact of climate on the flower cultivation in Chiba Prefecture, historical development and recent problems are reviewed in this paper. Two factors, market and winter climates, are the most important : (1) Relatively short distance between the Boso Peninsular and Tokyo, a big market for the flower, and (2) warmer climate in winter with relatively higher daily minimum air temperature. The second is because of the cultivation season in this region, where the cultivation of flowers is done in the cooler half-year as a second cultivation of rice fields in the warmer half-year. Therefore, the intensive flower cultivation has been concentrated in the southern-most part of the Peninsular, where frost is very seldom. The cultivation area increased sharply in the 1960's, because of strong demand according to the rapid, economic development of Japan. It reached to a peak point, 1,017ha in 1972,but a drastic fall-down to a minimum, 600ha, was occurred in 1973,due to the so-called "oil-shock." This means that the economic situation acts more serious than the climatic fluctuation. Since the second half of 1980's, green houses developed strongly, artificial climate conditions are playing more important role for the cultivation and the other areas in the Peninsular are producing gradually more amount of flowers, resulting in a decreasing tendency in the southern-most port of the Peninsular.