タイ国における教育と開発 : チェンマイ大学大学院ノンフォーマル教育学科からの一考察
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概要
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Education is a major factor in development. However, development is not only affected by formal education; nonformal and informal education also has a part to play. Before the institutionalization of the modern schooling system in Thailand in the middle of the nineteenth century, education process in Thai society also had always been informal and nonformal. Buddhist monks, village elders, local craftsmen, and folk artists played important educational roles for the vast majority of the population. Villagers could get many kinds of knowledge in the community and share it together. When schooling in a formal sense came into being, Thailand was entering a period of modernization. The Thai government has always regarded education as foundation for achieving national development objectives and concentrated on the development of formal education. Formal education has been used for the economic growth based on industrial development by the elite. It was not based upon the communities which had different kinds of way of living, thinking and problems. Nonformal education and informal education has promoted various developments and empowered people to make their lives better. Nonformal education department of Chiangmai University regard nonformal education as the process by which men and women, old and young decide to do something together to solve their problems. So they think that they need to provide not only globalized education, but also localized education for empowering people.