スイスの出生動向と家族政策

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This paper focuses on the fertility development and family policy in the Swiss Confederation. This is a part of the research project, a comparative study of low fertility and family policy in developed countries (the research grant for Policy Sciences Promotion Project by the Japanese Ministry for Health and Welfare No.10100101). The purpose of this three-year research project is to clarify the trends and determinants of fertility, and the policy responses to low fertility and their effects in developed societies, and to explore the policy implications for Japan. The study will focus on a couple of developed countries each year and compare these countries' studies at the end of the third year to synthesize the results to provide scientific basis for policy proposals. Reviewing the research reports of Swiss Federal Statistical Office (SFSO) and using the statistical data of Council of Europe (CD-ROM: 2001), we analyzed 1) Trends and determinants of attitudes and behaviors regarding fertility and the family, 2) Family policy measures to cope with changes in fertility and the family and their effects The important findings are: 1. In Switzerland, like Germany and Austria, the social norm for making small families established before World War II shaped the basic trend of the fertility decline after the postwar baby boom and caused the continuous postponement of marriage and the first child bearing. In the case of Switzerland, however, the continuity of the basic trend of the fertility decline in the long term is more observable than the other German speaking countries, supposedly, because of, neutral position of this country during the World War II. It shows there was another baby boom from 1940 to 1950 in Switzerland. 2. The low extra-marital births ratio, the limited spreading of cohabitation, the female labor participation pattern with remaining the so called 'M form' and the high part-time job ratio among married women in Switzerland indicate the conservative attitudes for marriage and child bearing. 3. In Switzerland, it has kept the tradition of liberalism and direct democracy based on canton federalisms. This canton's dominance with different ethnic compositions and weakness of federal state delays implementation of federal laws and the developments of institutions for family policy. Thus it is difficult to observe any impact of family policy measures on fertility.
北海道東海大学の論文

スイスの出生動向と家族政策

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