Myanmar Religious Practice and Cultural Heritage
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概要
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The paper focuses on the significance of the hti and the magaik. crowns for pagodas and images, in Myanmar's cultural heritage. The umbrella or hti is seen on the summit of all Myanmar pagodas today. The consecration of a pagoda is completed with the hti-daw tin, the ceremonial hoisting of the hti. The tiers of the hti take their form from royal crowns.^<1)> It is also sometimes said that the zeidi is like an image of the Buddha, with the main part of the structure being the body and the hti the head. In this sense also, the hti is literally the crowning element of the pagoda.^<2)> The crowning of pagodas with the hti is compared to the crowning of images of the Buddha with a magaik. The Myanmar custom of placing a similar tiered crown on pagoda and image appears to be unique, as perhaps is the degree to which both are honoured as personification of the living presence of the Buddha. The paper begins with a brief history of the hti, describing the Shwedagon hti raised in 1999 AD. Both ancient and contemporary aspects are included. This is followed by an account of the Man Aung Myin muni image, at the Zalun Hpaya Gyi, and the magaik or crown donated to the image in 1996 AD. The Man Aung Myin is presented in relation both to the history of other muni images made in the likeness of the Buddha Gotama and to the origins of the magaik. The similarity of forms, between the hti and the magaik, umbrella and crown, is used to illustrate the cohesiveness of religious practice and cultural heritage in Myanmar. The complexity and richness of this living heritage is a significant factor in defining and planning appropriate strategies for the future.
- 2000-12-27
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