天然歯と下顎骨の咬合力分布 FEM モデル解および人工歯根の設計について

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For the human tooth implant, the various designs of artificial metal tooth roots have been used widely. The lower jaw ordinary moves much more than the upper jaw at the biting action, and the biting force distribution in the mandible implanted a tooth root decides if the implant works for a long period or not. Then, it is very important to implant a tooth root so that the biting force in mandible will be distributed as closely as possible to those of the natural tooth and mandible combination. The actual biting force distribution in mandible of a person can never be obtained and we employed a two-dimensional FEM model of a tooth and its underneath mandible section. This model consists of following eight parts; a natural tooth, cortical bone I and II, bone trabeculae, newly grown bone, soft materials, dental canal, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Young's modulus (E) and poisson's ratio (ν) for some of the above parts are quoted from the literatures and those for the rest of them are postulated here. The FEM approximate solutions of the biting force distribution for three examples of the center incisor, the second premolar and the second molar are shown in the text. The FEM approximate solutions for the three different designs of the artificial metal tooth roots implanted into mandible are also reported. The tooth roots obviously concentrate the biting stress at around the neck of the cortical bone I and at around the downward contact point of cortical bone II. The volume and the distribution of the newly grown bones in mandible after operation affect the biting stress distribution. The design of the tooth roots used and the way to implant them also effect the stress distribution. The analyzed data is reported here in detail, and the comparison and the discussion on them are given.
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天然歯と下顎骨の咬合力分布 FEM モデル解および人工歯根の設計について

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