イブン・スィーナーにおける「自覚」論

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Ibn Sina begins to elaborate the problem of the self-consciousness (shuur bi-al-dhdt) in the later period of his philosophical career. Since this problem develops into one of the main subjects in his philosophical anthrolopology, this is indispensable to understand his anthrolopology in general. This paper tries to elucidate his theory mainly from two points of view. Namely, 1) the apriority of the self-consciousness and 2) the mind-body relation.First, Ibn Sina clearly insists on its apriority in the discourse of “suspended man” (insan muallaq) and elaborates it epistemologically. But since the consciousness of the self-consciousness (shuur bi-al-shu-ur) occurs only through the consciousness of others, its apriority must be considered not as empirical but as formal.Second, the problem of mind-body relation can be considered as a part of the problem of substantiality of human mind. Ibn Sina argues that because the human mind is ego that uses this body (ana mustamil li-hadha al-badan), it cannot be physical. In this paper, I will examine the grounds of this argument.In concluding remarks, I will mention that this theory contains some fundamental difficulties related to such problems as the relation between the self-consciousness and the intellection (taaqqul) and also as the possibility of the self-consciousness in animal beings.
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