<総説>インターフェロン生物学の新しい展開 : インターフェロン, インターロイキンおよびホルモンの相互作用

概要

論文の詳細を見る
In view of the tremendous knowledge accumulating in investigations of interferon (IFN), interleukin (IL) and hormone, this report reviewed their interactive relationships in immunology or biology with special reference to the novel findings including those obtained in our laboratory. IL-1,which was identified previously as a molecule secreted by macrophages, is now widely accepted as a product of accessory cells including macrophages, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, endothelial cells and astrocytes which play an important role for antigen presentation to T cells and subsequent T-cell-mediated immune responses. The expression of class II major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens in the accessory cells is enhanced by IFNs which facilitates the transmission of antigen signals to T cells. While all of the three IFN species, IFN-α, -β and -γ, possess the activity to induce class I and class II antigens on the cell surface, IFN-γ is preferentially active in the effect to induce calss II antigens in immunocompetant cells and epithelial cells. IFN-α and -β are, in contrast, more potent in enhancing class I MHC antigens which are expressed in most cells of the body than IFN-γ is. Cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL) and suppressor cells interact with target cells in the context of class I antigens. The CTL activity is augmented by IL-2 and IFNs. As IFN-γ is produced by CTL in contact with specific antigens, IFN-γ can be an auto-enhancer of CTL. Considering a general but not absolute principle that IFN-α and -β are produced in response to viral infection and IFN-γ by T-cell proliferation in antigen recognition, the expressions of class I and class II antigens are mainly related to viral infections and immune reactions respectively. The synthesis of IFN-γ in IFN-γ producer cells is stimulated by IL-2 which is induced by IL-1,and IFN-γ, in turn, leads to macrophage activation, thus comprising an up-regulation loop of IL-1,IL-2 and IFN-γ. Besides this, IFN-γ enhances IL-2 production in mitogen-induced lymphocyte cultures, which indicates that there is also a short loop up-regulation way between IL-2 and IFN-γ as postulated by us. IFN-γ is thus a potent enhancer of immune responses closely connected to IL-1 and IL-2,but is, on the other hand, a down-regulator of IL-4 which works mainly as a B-cell stimulating factor concerning both growth and differentiation. Since IL-4 induces class II antigens on B-cell surface which facilitate antigen presentation by B cell, IL-4 is also an up-regulator of immune responses especially when they are related to B cell functions. The proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-related peptides, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and β-endorphin, are released from the pituitary in response to IL-1. Recently these peptides have been reported to suppress IFN-γ production in lymphoid cell cultures. Such immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory effects are distinct from ACTH-induced glucocorticoid effects which diminish the synthesis of mRNAs for IL-2 and IFN-γ. Finally it seems to be worth mentioning that there is a new aspect for IFN-γ to be a B-cell growth factor as well as a B-cell maturing factor.
近畿大学の論文
1988-12-25

<総説>インターフェロン生物学の新しい展開 : インターフェロン, インターロイキンおよびホルモンの相互作用

スポンサーリンク

概要

著者

関連論文

スポンサーリンク