Helminthosporium 類縁菌の代謝物質について
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概要
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In the course of systematic screening for antibiotics produced by plant pathogenic fungi, Ishibashi et al found that the fungi belonging to the Helminthosporium species are the most promising source of new antibiotics. They isolated, from selected strains of various Helminthosporium fungi, several new metabolites which show activity against Trycophytons (20 out of 40 strains show antifungal activity). It was reported that six species, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Helminthosporium turcicum, C. miyabeanus, Helminthosporium turcicum, C. heterostrophus, H. leersi, H. panicimiliacei and H. zizaneae, produced new antibiotics named ophiobolin and zizanin, and that pyrenophorin was isolated from Pyrenophora avenae, siccanin from Helminthosporium siccans. Ppisiological activities and some physical properties were reported, but the structures remained unknown. In 1962,K. Tsuda and his coworkers started research on the elucidation of the structure and clarification of the biosynthetic pathways of these metabolites in the Institute of Applied Microbiology of the University of Tokyo. In recent years, the determination of chemical structure has been greatly simplified by the introduction of modern investigative methods. It was found that the reported molecular formulae were all erroneous and revised formula were arrived at, by meaus of X-ray molecular weight determination, and mass spectrometric analysis. The structures [ophiobolin-A (ophiobolin), ophiobolin-B (zizanin-B), ophiobolin-C (zizanin-A), ophiobolin-D (cephalonic acid), pyrenophorin and siccanin] were solved by mainlyphysical methods, such as X-ray crystallographic analysis, by which the stereochemistry and absolute configuration were also determined. In some cases, chemical correlation studies established the structures. On the other hand, biogenetical investigation of these metabolites were also carried out by the use of tracer experiments using isotopes such as ^3H, ^<14>C, and ^<18>O. It was found that some of these metabolites were biogenetically unique system which had never before been encountered.
- 共立薬科大学の論文
- 1967-05-20
共立薬科大学 | 論文
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