<Review>Biochemical Study on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is a multisubunit membrane glycoprotein which functions as a ligand-triggered cation channel. Receptors from electric tissues and skeletal muscle have a molecular weight of approximately 290,000 as a monomer and are composed of four types of polypeptide chains which assemble into a heterologous α_2βγδ pentamer. We determined the carbohydrate structure of Torpedo AChR, which was the first determination for neurotransmitter receptors. About 70 % of the oligosaccharides of the AChR were of the high mannose-type, Man_9GlcNAc_2 and Man_8GlcNAc_2. These two types of oligosaccharides were distributed in all the subunits. The remaining were various kinds of complex-type oligosaccharides, existing mainly in the γ and δ subunits. The α and β subunits had only one carbohydrate chain each, while the γ and δ subunits had two and three carbohydrate chains, respectively. These glycosylation sites were identified by sequencing glycopeptides obtained by lectin-affinity chromatography. The participation of oligosaccharides in ligand-binding of AChR was examined using a newly developed binding assay. The sialic acids and high mannose-type oligosaccharides on AChR were found to be unnecessary for its ligand binding. Next we found that the β and δ subunits of Torpedo AChR were phosphorylated on their tyrosine residues. The level of the phosphorylation was enhanced by incubating the AChR-rich membrane fraction with cholinergic ligands. This suggests that cholinergic agonists physiologically regulate phosphorylation on tyrosine in vivo, which might be included in the desensitization mechanism of the receptor. We also examined the spatial relation of proteins surrounding AChR using Torpedo AChR-rich membrane fraction. Bifunctional crosslinkers revealed an intimate relation among the AChR γ subunit, 43-kD protein, and dystrophin. Finally, we found neurotoxin-binding activities in the su-pernatant fraction obtained by ultracentrifugation of a homogenate of the electric organ, which usually does not contain AChR. This new activity was different in nature from AChR, and could function as a regulator or a modulator for AChR function.
- 岐阜薬科大学の論文
- 1994-06-30
著者
-
Nomoto Hiroshi
Laboratory Of Molecular Biology Gifu Pharmaceutical University
-
Shoji Hiroki
岐阜薬科大学
-
Nomoto Hiroshi
岐阜薬科大学
-
HAYASHI KYOZO
岐阜薬科大学
関連論文
- Identification of AMP N_1-Oxide in Royal Jelly as a Component Neurotrophic toward Cultured Rat Pheochromocytoma PC12 Cells
- Microsphere Embolism-induced Elevation of Nerve Growth Factor Level and Appearance of Nerve Growth Factor Immunoreactivity in Activated T-Lymphocytes in the rat Brain.
- Balance of two secretion pathways of nerve growth factor in PC12 cells changes during the progression of their differentiation, with a decrease in constitutive secretion in more differentiated cells.
- Oral Administration of Royal Jelly Facilitates mRNA Expression of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Neurofilament H in the Hippocampus of the Adult Mouse Brain
- Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Enhances Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Its Receptor, TrkB, in Neurons Cultured From Rat Cerebral Cortex.
- Administration of FGF-2 to Embryonic Mouse Brain Induces Hydrocephalic Brain Morphology and Aberrant Differentiation of Neurons in the Postnatal Cerebral Cortex.
- Introduction of a Physiologically Active Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Infant Rat Brain by Peripheral Administration of 4-Methylcatechol.
- Endogenous Neurotrophin-3 Is Restrogradely Transported in the Rat Sciatic Nerve.
- Endogenous Neurotrophin-3 Is Retrogradely Transported in the Rat Sciatic Nerve.
- Simultaneous Expression of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor and Neurotrophin-3 in Cajal-Retzius, Subplate and Ventricular Progenitor Cells during Early Development Stages of the Rat Cerebral Cortex.
- Administration of Corticosterone Alters Intracellular Localization of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor-like Immunoreactivity in the Rat Brain.
- BDNF and NT-3 Modulate Expression and Threonine Phosphorylation of Microtubule-associated Protein-2 Analogues, and Alter Their Distribution in the Developing Rat Cerebral Cortex.
- PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF BDNF ON CORTICOSTERONE-INDUCED CELL DEATH OF CULTURED HIPPOCAMPAL NEURONS
- State of Functionally Essential Trp-29 in Snake Venom Neurotoxins : A Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study.
- Step-Wise Thermal Denaturation of Cobrotoxin, a Snake Venom Neurotoxin from Naja naja atra : A Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study.
- Carbohydrate in Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor : Effects of Exogenous, and of Removal of Endogenous Carbohydrate and Sialic Acid on Ligand Binding.
- Biochemical Study on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
- Crosslinking of Protein in Acetylcholine Receoptor-Rich Membranes from Torpedo Californica : Relation of 43-kD Protein and Torpedo dystrophin to Acetylcholine Receptor.
- Neurotoxin-Binding Activity in the Supernatant Fraction of the Electric Organ from Torpedo Californica.
- Detailed Structural Analysis of Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharides of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor from Torpede Californica.
- Effects of Neurotoxins and Carbamylcholine on Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor.
- Solid-Phase Neurotoxin Binding Assay for Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor : Changes of the Binding Ability of the Receptor with Various Treatments.
- Carbohydrate Structure of Acetylcholine Receptor from Torpedo californica and Distribution of Oligosaccharides among the Subunits.
- Stopped-Flow Fluorescence Studies on Binding of Snake Neurotoxins to Acetylcholine Receptor.
- Role of C-Terminal Tail of Long Neurotoxins from Snake Venoms in Molecular Conformation and Acetylcholine Receptor Binding : Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Competition Binding Studies.
- On the Mode of Action of Snake Postsynaptic Neurotoxins.
- Stopped-Flow Fluorescence Studies on Binding Kinetics of Neurotoxins with Acetylcholine Receptor.
- 4-Methylcatechol Increases Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Content and mRNA Expression in Cultured Brain Cells and in Rat Brain in vivo.
- Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Prevents Neuronal Cell Death Induced by Corticosterone.
- Comparison of the Biochemical and Immunological Properties of Nerve Growth Factors from Various Animals.